Ekhaya eTshayina yamandulo, isifundo yayiyindawo ekhethekileyo kunye neyomoya.Iifestile ezikrolwe ngokugqwesileyo, izikrini zesilika, iibhrashi ze-calligraphy kunye nee-inkstones zonke zaba ngaphezu kwezinto nje, kodwa iimpawu zenkcubeko yaseTshayina kunye nobuhle.
I-FULI yaqala kuyilo lwegumbi lokufunda lomfundi waseTshayina kwaye yenza ingqokelela ekhethekileyo yasempuma neyexesha langoku ebizwa ngokuba "yiSifundo sesiTshayina."Ibandakanya iipateni ezincinci kunye nephalethi ye-monochromatic, uyilo luzama ukuphinda wenze uphawu lwenkcubeko yaseTshayina ngolwimi olutsha nolwanamhlanje loyilo.Ngoluvo lwe-zen olufakwe kuyo yonke ingqokelela, abantu banokulibala ngokulula ngobomi babo obuxakekileyo ngaphaya kweli gumbi kwaye bacothe ukufunda nokucinga okomzuzwana.
Ikhuthazwe zizinto ezine kuphononongo lwaseTshayina–「Isikrini samagqabi amane」,「Inkstone」,「Chinese Go」,「Lattice Window」–FULI iphinda icinge kwakhona ukuba uphononongo lwesiNtu lwaseTshayina lunokubonakala njani kwisimo sangoku.Intle kwaye intle, uyilo lwekhaphethi lujolise ekudaleni indawo engaphezulu kwendawo yokusabela ezolileyo ukusuka esixekweni, kodwa nendawo apho abantu baphinda banxibelelana nenkcubeko ngokusebenzisa i-calligraphy, imibongo kunye nomculo, bekhangela uxolo lwangaphakathi.
Isikrini samagqabi amane
Izikrini ezine zamagqabi zinokubuyela emva kwi-Han Dynasty (206 BCE - 220 CE).Kunokwahlulahlula nje igumbi, iscreen sisoloko sihonjiswe ngobugcisa obuhle kunye nemizobo emihle.Ngokusebenzisa izikhewu, abantu banokujonga ngokucacileyo okwenzekayo kwelinye icala, besongeza imvakalelo yokuthandabuza kunye nothando kwinto leyo.
Ngemigca ecocekileyo kunye neemilo zejiyometri, olu yilo lwekhaphethi luphefumlelwe yimbali yamagqabi amane izikrini zindilisekile kodwa zintle.Izithunzi ezintathu ezingwevu ziluka ngaphandle komthungo kunye, zenza utshintsho olufihlakeleyo kumbhalo.Ihonjiswe yimigca ekrwada eyahlula ikhaphethi ibe "izikrini" ezine, olu luyilo longeza imilinganiselo yendawo kuyo nayiphi na indawo ekuyo.
Inkstone
I-Calligraphy isembindini wenkcubeko yaseTshayina.Njengomnye wobuncwane obune be-calligraphy yaseTshayina, i-inkstone inobunzima obuthile.Abachwephesha becalligrapher abanamava bajonga i-inkstone njengomhlobo obalulekileyo kuba uninzi lwabo lukhetha ukugaya i-inki yabo ukwenza iitoni ezikhethekileyo kwimisebenzi.
Ukusuka kude, le khaphethi ebizwa ngokuba yi "Inkstone" ibonakala ngathi i-brushstrokes ekhanyayo kumsebenzi we-calligraphy waseTshayina.I-Abstract kodwa intle, uyilo lulinganisa iimilo kunye neethowuni zemibala ukuzisa umoya onoxolo.Ukusondela, ukwakheka kwesikwere kunye nesetyhula kufana neengqalutye ezifunyenwe kwindalo, ukunika imbeko kubudlelwane phakathi komntu kunye nendalo kwinkcubeko yakudala yamaTshayina.
IsiTshayina Hamba
I-Go, okanye eyaziwa njenge-Weiqi okanye i-chess yaseTshayina, yavela e-China ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-4,000 eyadlulayo.Kukholelwa ukuba ngowona mdlalo webhodi wakudala oqhubekayo udlalwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku.Iziqwenga zokudlala ezimnyama nezimhlophe ezikhethekileyo zibizwa ngokuba "ngamatye," kwaye ibhodi yechess ejongisiweyo iphinda ibe yinto entle kwimbali yaseTshayina.
Ngomahluko omkhulu phakathi kokukhanya kunye nobumnyama, imibala ekwikhaphethi yenza i-dichotomy ephinda i-sprit yomdlalo.Iinkcukacha zesetyhula ezikhanyayo zilinganisa "amatye" ngelixa imigca emnyama ifana negridi kwibhodi yechess.Ukuthozama kunye nokuzola zombini zijongwa njengezilungileyo kulo mdlalo wakudala waseTshayina kwaye ikwangumoya wolu yilo.
Ifestile yeLattice
IiWindows zidibanisa ukukhanya kunye nendawo, abantu kunye nendalo.Yinto ebaluleke kakhulu kuyilo lwangaphakathi lwaseTshayina kuba ifestile ibeka imbonakalo yomzobo njengomzobo.Ukubamba imiboniso kunye nentshukumo ukusuka kwisithuba esingaphandle, iifestile zelathisi zenza izithunzi ezintle ngaphakathi kwisifundo saseTshayina.
Le khaphethi isebenzisa isilika ukunxibelelana nemvakalelo yokukhanya.Imiluko yesilika ibonakalisa ukukhanya kwendalo okuvela ngaphandle ngelixa amaqhina amancinci angama-18,000 esakhelo imilo yefestile kwaye ahlawule intlonipho kubuchule bomthungo besintu.Ngaloo ndlela ikhaphethi iba yinto engaphaya kwekhaphethi kodwa ibe ngumzobo wombongo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-20-2022